The role of the menisci in the knee joint
The knee has two menisci: a medial and a lateral one, located between the femur and the tibia. These small, crescent-shaped pads play an essential role in shock absorption, joint stability, and load distribution.
In case of injury or tear, the knee becomes painful, unstable, or locked. If medical treatment is not enough to relieve symptoms, surgery may be considered.
When should meniscus surgery be considered?
Not all meniscal injuries require surgery. Dr. Coulin recommends a conservative approach initially (rest, rehabilitation, pain relief), except in cases of joint blockage or unstable tear.
Surgery is generally indicated when:
- The pain persists despite several weeks of treatment
- The joint locks or remains unstable
- The tear makes it difficult to walk, play sports or perform daily activities.
- The meniscus is pinched, cracked, or detached from a mobile segment
The type of surgery will depend on the nature of the lesion, the patient's age, activity level, and the general condition of the cartilage. The procedure is performed on a case-by-case basis, depending on the symptoms, the patient's age, activity level, and imaging findings.
How does the procedure take place?
Meniscus surgery is performed arthroscopically, a minimally invasive technique that allows surgery inside the joint using a camera and very fine instruments. It is generally performed on an outpatient basis.
Dr. Coulin has two main options:
- Partial meniscectomy: this involves removing only the damaged part of the meniscus, preserving as much healthy tissue as possible.
- Meniscal suture: in certain cases, Dr. Coulin can repair the meniscus by suturing it, particularly in young or athletic patients, if the damaged area is well irrigated.
The choice of technique is made based on the location, the age of the lesion, and the healing capacity of the meniscal tissue.
What are the post-operative consequences ?
After a partial meniscectomy, weight-bearing is permitted the next day with a gradual return to activities. In the case of sutures, the protocol is stricter and rehabilitation is adapted to protect the healing process.
In all cases, rehabilitation plays a central role. It allows for the restoration of mobility, strengthening of muscles and the resumption of fluid walking, with a return to sport generally possible within weeks or months following the intervention, depending on the case.
What results can you expect ?
Meniscus surgery provides very good results, provided it is performed at the right time and for the right indication. Patients generally experience a significant improvement in pain, the disappearance of blockages or mechanical discomfort, and a return to normal activities without instability.
Dr. Coulin is careful to preserve the meniscal capital as much as possible, because this tissue protects the cartilage and prevents the further development of osteoarthritis.
A targeted and personalized approach
Every lesion is different. This is why Dr. Coulin relies on a precise clinical examination and appropriate imaging to assess the appropriateness of surgery and choose the best treatment strategy for each patient.
Do you have knee pain and are you thinking about a meniscus tear?
Dr. Coulin will see you in Geneva to assess your pain, make a clear diagnosis, and offer you tailored treatment, whether medical or surgical.
